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N PErERs, PHOTO-LITMOGRAPHER, wASHmGYoN, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD RAY, OF LAKE CITY, FLORIDA.

SUN-SHADE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of- Letters Patent No.'229,912, dated July 13, 1880. Application filed J une 24, 1878.

Improvements in Sun-Shades; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, refer- 'back shades and frames, with the head-shade in vertical longitudinal section.

ence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to that class of sunshades which are secured to the body and which leave the hands and arms free; and it consists in, first, a sun-shade eccentrically located upon its support and provided with a horizontal rotary adjustment upon a vertically-standing friction-surface axle; second, a sun-shadeprovided with a support, upon which are formed trunnions adj ustably located upon vertically-standin g guides provided with horizontal slots and clamp, whereby the shade can be swung backward or forward and secured in the desired position; third, a sunshade provided with a support, upon which is formed a loop adjustable upon verticallystanding guides, and a clamp, whereby the shade can be raised or lowered in a plane parallel to the axis of the support and secured in the desired position; fourth, a sunshade resting upon a body-frame and provided with a top or cover eccentrically lo cated upon its support and drooping more upon one side than the other, whereby the body of the wearer is protected against the slanting suns rays when the drooping portion is swung around to the exposed side, leaving the line of vision unobstructed upon the other side; fifth, a sun-shade frame for the body composed of one continuous piece of wire, forming in part a portion of the waistband; sixth, a sun-shade provided with a slotted tubular socket which rests over an annular grooved axle, and provided with a spring-latch resting in said annular groove, whereby the top can be opened or closed; seventh, a sun-shade frame for the body provided with tapes or straps and hooks, so located as to form either adjustable loops for the arms or suspenders to be secured to the buttons upon the rear portion of the pantaloon-waistband; eighth, a

detachable sunshade for the back so constructed as to provide for air-passage between the shade and the back; ninth, a sun-shade "for the back provided with a detach able fender for the purpose of better adapting the same to packing, all of which to be hereinafter more fully set forth and described.

Figure 1 is a general view of the head and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the bodyframe for the sun-shade. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the lock-coupling and friction-joint in vertical sec-' tion. Fig. 4 is a horizontal transverse section through the back-shade. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the vertically-adjustable mechanism, with frame-wires in vertical section. Fig. 6 is a section of the back-shade frame, showing detachable mechanism to the fender. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the upper portion of a modified form of the body-frame.

In constructing my shade-frame for the body I take one piece of wire of sufficient length, and, beginning in the central portion of said piece of wire, first form a portion of the waistband, a, upon each end of which Ithen form a loop, I), to which is attached the balance of the waistband, 0, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) and made preferably of tape or string provided with any well-known fastening, and constructed so as to be lengthened or shortened according to the size of the waist. The sides 01 are then bent up and around until they meet at e, where they are crossed over and securely held either by twisting, as shown in the drawings, binding, soldering, or other equivalent method. Securely attached to the lower surface of the upper end of this yoke is a pad, f, madeof any suitable material. Near the intersection of the sides (1 d, and upon each side of the portion 6, are also securely attached to the Wire tapes or strings g, provided at their lower ends with hooks or other equivalent fastenin gs h. These tapes or strings can be brought around under the arms and hooked or otherwise attached to the uprights d d of the body-frame in front IOO thus performing the functions of a pair of suspenders.

After crossing the sides of the yoke at e, I bend the ends of the wire upward, as at i 11, Figs. 1 and 2, thus formin g guides, upon which the head-shade handle or support j slides vertically. These guides also form supports for the hooks attached to the back-shade, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth. i

Above the guides 11, and with the'ends of the wire used in constructing the above-described frame, I form horizontal slots k, as shown in Fig. 2, or, as shown in Fig. 7, 1 form the shade holder or support by twisting the two ends together, th us'completin g the formation of frame for the body and the shade-support from the one piece of wire.

It will be observed that the method of construction as shown in Fig. 7 is the simpler and cheaper, and will be applicable to'a greater majority of support-frames, as the distance between the base of the neck and top of the head ofthe wearer generally varies but little. Where this variation is great, or where the wearer prefers to weara hat in addition to the head-shade, I provide the vertically-adjustable holder, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. At the lower end of this adjustable holder or support I bend the wire so as to form the loop 1. This loop passes around the upright guides i, and is provided with opening 022, for the purpose of detaching the holder from the frame. The holder is then passed up through a clamp-yoke, n, which is located between the upper ends of the wire forming the horizontal slots 70, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 5. Through each wing of this clamp-yoke is a perforation, through which passes the shaft of a screw, 0.

When the head-shade support is placed backward or forward at the point desired the same is securely held in position by means of the screw-clamp 0. The same result may be obtained by means of spring-latch or other mechanical equivalent of wellknown construc tion. The holder j is then bent so as to form a horizontal extension until a pointis reached immediately over the central portion of the wearers head, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, when it is bent upward, forming the resting-pointp, upon which rests the frame of the head-shade A. This point is of slight conical construction for the purpose of facilitating the removal of the shade-frame when desired. Securely located upon this conical point or rest is the seat q. The holder j is locked to this seat by means of any well-known method. In this instance, for the sake of illustration, I use a slotted flange and swinging hook a.

Attached to and forming a part of seat q is a vertically-standing journal or axle, r, provided at its upper end with an annular groove, 8. Fitting down over this journal is a cylindrical sleeve or box, t, attached to and formin g a part of the shade-frame 10. In this sleeve or box is a horizontal slot, u, in which plays the free end of a spring-latch, r, of any wellknown construction. This latch rides in the annular groove 8, and, while permitting the shade to be revolved around its axle, prevents the same from becoming detached from said axle. When desired, the latch can be pressed out of the groove and the shade closed up.

The lower ends of the usual brace-rods a: of ashade or umbrella are pivoted to a looselysecured disk, 3 Upon the lower face of this disk is rigidly secured a rubber, leather, or other equivalent plate, 2, which bears upon a corresponding plate, I), of similar material, tightly fitted in the recess of the seat q, in which the upper disk is located.

For the purpose of creating the desired friction in this joint the disk y upon its lower face and the bottom of the seat (1 upon its upper face may be corrugated or smooth. The rubber or other plates z b may also be rough or smooth.

It is obvious that as the shade is opened the braces 00 bear down upon the disk 4 which causes the friction-surfaces in the seat to bear against each other and thus hold the shade wherever revolved by the hand.

The head-shade frame proper is composed of short ribs 0 upon one side and elongated ribs d upon the other, Fig. 1, covered with the material generally used in manufacturing umbrellas. The edge on one side of the headshade is cut off in a horizontal plane a little above the line of the eyes. On the other side it is extended downward from the point e to the point f. This construction is for the purpose of affording greater protection from the rays of the sun, as also from rain, the long or drooping side being turned by the hand to the side upon which the sun shines or the rain beats, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. From the point 0 both sides may be elongated and made to droop.

Loosely hanging from the guides M by means of hooks g is the back-shade B. This shade easily rises and falls as the wearer bends his back or stands erect, and is easily detachable. It is preferably covered with the same material used in covering the head-shade.

In order to secure a free air-passage between the wearers back and the shade, I attach to the back-shade frame h a wire fender, 6, constructed, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, with hooks it upon either end. This fender is made of steel or other elastic wire, so that when applied to the shade-frame the hooks bear outward.

For the purpose of locking the fender in place I turn up the outer end of one of the hooks, as at m, Figs. 4 and 6, and bevel it so as to be wedge-shaped. I then provide a sliding collar, Z, with an internal wedge-shaped face, so that when slid down over the upwardly-projecting beveled end of the hook the joint becomes solid and fixed.

When it is desired to pack these back-shades for shipment the collar l is slid upward free from the projection m, the fender is sprung inward until the hooks ride free from the backshade-frame uprights h, when it is detached and packed separately.

To the bends a of the fender I attach tapes provided with hooks which are hooked into the loops 1) on the body-frame, thus securing the back-shade in place, as shown in Fig. 1.

The back-shade, in combination with the head-shade, is more particularly adapted to the needs of such laborers as cotton-pickers, tobacco cultivators, railroad builders, bricklayers, &c., where the stooping position is assumed and where the spinal cord is exposed to the direct and dangerous influence of the suns rays.

It is obvious that the head and back shade can be made from one and the same shadeframe by sufficiently elongating the ribs (1 and their covering. It is also obvious that either shade can be worn independent of the other.

A staff connected eccentrically to the roof or cover and a top to a sun-shade constructed with its rear portion longer from point of contact with handle than the front portion thereof are features heretofore shown and described in my former applications, and therefore are not claimed herein.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The shade A, eccentrically located upon its support and adapted to be adjusted by horizontal rotation upon a vertical axis secured to the body-frame, in combination with friction-surfaces la b, substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

2. The shade A, adapted to be adjusted forward or backward upon horizontally-located trunnions formed by loop 1, in combination with slot-frame 7c, screw-clamp 0, and yoke n, whereby the shade is firmly secured in place after being adjusted, substantially as set forth.

3. In a sun-shade for personal wear, the post or support j, provided with a loop, 1, in combination with the vertically-standing guides 41 and screw-clamp 0, whereby the shade can be raised or lowered in a plane parallel to the axis of its support, operating as and for the purposes substantially as described.

4. In combination with the body-frame, substantially as described, the shade A, eccentrically located upon its support and drooping more upon one side than upon the other, whereby the body of the wearer is protected against the slanting suns rays when the drooping portion is swung around to the exposed side, leaving the line of vision unobstructed upon the other side, as specified.

5. In combination with the sun-shade A the tubular socket it, provided with slot at, the axle 1", provided with annular groove 8, and the spring latch Q7, whereby the shade can be locked to or unlocked from the support, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. A sun-shade frame for the body composed of one continuous piece of wire,formin g in part a portion of the waistband, substantially in the manner set forth.

7. A sun-shade frame for the body provided with tapes or straps and hooks s'o located as to form adjustable loops for the arms or to form suspenders for the pantaloons, substantially in the manner set forth.

8. A sun-shade for the back constructed in the manner described, for the purpose of providing an air-passage between the sun-shade and the back, substantially as set forth.

9. The shade A, substantially as described, in combination with shade B, for the purpose of protecting the head and back from the direct rays of the sun, as set forth.

10. The shades A and B, in combination with the body-frame, all constructed and arranged to operate in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

11. The back-shade B, in combination with detachable fender i, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two 90 witnesses.

RICHARD RAY.

Witnesses GEo. F. GRAHAM, N. L. KING. 

